小嶺隧道通風(fēng)斜井位于杭新京高速公路衢州境內(nèi)。 斜井內(nèi)輪廓寬7.5米，高4.7米，傾角25度，坡度46%。 其中：1號斜井長487.630米，斜斷面長373.5米，水平風(fēng)道長113.850米；  2號斜井長525.620米，斜段長373.5米，水平風(fēng)道段長151.860米。 斜井施工過程中礦渣的輸出和輸送的物料主要由提升系統(tǒng)完成。 因此，起重系統(tǒng)的安全運行是整個工作區(qū)安全生產(chǎn)的前提。 鋼絲繩作為起重系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，是保證起重系統(tǒng)安全可靠運行的最重要組成部分。

  在金屬和非金屬礦山行業(yè)，傳統(tǒng)的鋼絲繩檢驗方法通常是肉眼觀察結(jié)合游標(biāo)卡尺測量繩索翹曲，從而確定斷絲總數(shù)、單股斷絲數(shù)和 鋼絲繩的直徑減小。 這種方法只能直觀地看到。 在外斷絲、腐蝕、磨損和縮徑方面，無法對鋼絲繩的內(nèi)斷絲、腐蝕和缺陷做出準(zhǔn)確判斷，也無法掌握鋼絲繩的使用壽命。 因此，人工巡檢是一種人力物力的浪費，不能保證鋼絲繩的安全運行。 為了更準(zhǔn)確地判斷鋼絲繩的性能，在小嶺隧道斜井引入了鋼絲繩探傷儀，實現(xiàn)了用科學(xué)儀器代替人工鋼絲繩檢測，保障了安全運行和生產(chǎn)。 的起重系統(tǒng)。

鋼絲繩探傷儀工作原理

  鋼絲繩探傷儀系統(tǒng)采用國內(nèi)外最新的鋼絲繩無損檢測技術(shù)，結(jié)合現(xiàn)代計算機、通訊和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)，成為鋼絲繩無損檢測儀器。 系統(tǒng)采用GB/T21837-2008《鐵磁鋼絲繩電磁檢測方法》規(guī)定的永磁和漏磁儀器檢測原理，符合GB/T226832-2011《無損檢測儀器技術(shù)條件》的要求 鋼絲繩電磁探測器”規(guī)定了測試結(jié)果和實驗方法。 傳感硬件采用高磁積能量稀土釹鐵硼永磁體進行圓形排列。 當(dāng)鋼絲繩軸向通過時，可瞬間將鋼絲繩軸向磁化，達到飽和狀態(tài)； 同時，采用霍爾元件陣列分布在磁性元件中，當(dāng)鋼絲繩局部損壞（斷絲、跳絲、變形等不連續(xù)缺陷）時，金屬發(fā)生變化 橫截面積（連續(xù)缺陷、磨損、腐蝕等） 傳播到空間的信號被收集起來，輸出信號由霍爾元件感應(yīng)。 經(jīng)高性能微處理器進行模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換后，將壓縮后的數(shù)字信號輸入計算機。 通過GNDT專用鋼絲繩探傷儀系統(tǒng)軟件進行實時解壓處理。 采用定性、定量、定位值顯示鋼絲繩內(nèi)外斷絲、腐蝕、磨損、金屬截面積變化，并給出鋼絲繩安全性和使用壽命的評估報告 符合現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如圖 1 所示。

  案例分析

  小嶺隧道斜井提升系統(tǒng)采用6*19S FC-30鋼絲繩，鋼絲繩檢測長度320米，鋼絲繩以1m/s的相對速度運行，如圖2所示。曲線1 為檢測信號（LF），主要用于檢測鋼絲繩的局部損傷； 曲線2為檢測信號（LMA），主要用于觀察鋼絲繩截面積的變化。

 檢測曲線平直而平緩。 根據(jù)波形判斷鋼絲繩沒有局部損傷，說明鋼絲繩沒有斷裂。

  當(dāng)檢測曲線達到270米左右時，曲線偏離中心零線很多，出現(xiàn)一條紅線，說明這里失去了鋼絲繩的截面積。 從測試報告圖5可以看出金屬截面積（LMA）達到0.75%—0.99%

  根據(jù)檢測結(jié)果，斜井作業(yè)區(qū)立即對整條鋼絲繩進行人工檢查。 發(fā)現(xiàn)鋼絲繩截面積從270米減少到320米，鋼絲繩截面積損失0.99%。 根據(jù)使用要求[3]，斜井工作區(qū)立即調(diào)整起升系統(tǒng)的地滾，并對鋼絲繩進行保養(yǎng)，防止鋼絲繩加劇磨損。

鋼絲繩作為起重系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，對整個起重系統(tǒng)的安全至關(guān)重要。 引入鋼絲繩探傷儀后，鋼絲繩檢測大大提高了檢測效率，科學(xué)全面掌握了鋼絲繩的破損情況，為斜井安全生產(chǎn)提供了可靠的科學(xué)指導(dǎo)，有效避免了 鋼絲繩在使用過程中的損壞。 由此產(chǎn)生的事故保障了斜井的安全生產(chǎn)。 雖然本文只介紹了鋼絲繩磨損試驗機在斜井施工起重系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用，但對于起重機、龍門吊、架橋機等常用起重設(shè)備等起重系統(tǒng)中鋼絲繩的安全檢測具有實用性。 在高速公路建設(shè)中。 引導(dǎo)作用。 在實際應(yīng)用中，只需在購買鋼絲繩磨損試驗機時選擇相應(yīng)的設(shè)備型號，即可進行相關(guān)的安全測試。

英斯特力儀器是一家集研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)及銷售于一體的 影像測量儀，拉力試驗機, 硬度計 ,探傷儀, 粗糙度儀, 測厚儀, 金相設(shè)備廠家, 致力于為客戶提供更好的檢測儀器。

The inclined shaft of Xiaoling tunnel is located in Quzhou of Hangzhou-Xinjing Expressway. The incline profile is 7.5 meters wide, 4.7 meters high, 25 degrees inclination, and 46% slope. The length of the No. 1 inclined well is 487.630 meters, the length of the oblique section is 373.5 meters, and the length of the horizontal wind channel is 113.850 meters. No. 2 inclined shaft is 525.620 meters long, the inclined section is 373.5 meters long, and the horizontal air duct section is 151.860 meters long. In the process of inclined shaft construction, slag output and conveying materials are mainly completed by lifting system. Therefore, the safe operation of the lifting system is the premise of safe production of the whole work area. As an important part of lifting system, wire rope is the most important part to ensure the safe and reliable operation of lifting system.

In metal and non-metal mining industry, the traditional method of wire rope inspection is usually naked eye observation combined with vernier calipers to measure the warping of the rope, so as to determine the total number of broken wire, the number of broken wire in a single strand and the diameter of the wire rope reduction. This method can only be seen visually. In terms of external wire breaking, corrosion, wear and reduction, it is impossible to accurately judge the internal wire breaking, corrosion and defects of the wire rope, and it is also impossible to grasp the service life of the wire rope. Therefore, manual inspection is a waste of manpower and material resources, which can not guarantee the safe operation of wire rope. In ORDER TO JUDGE THE PERFORMANCE OF STEEL WIRE ROPE MORE ACCURATELY, A STEEL WIRE ROPE FLAW DETECTOR IS INTRODUCED IN THE INCLINED SHAFT OF XiaOLING TUNNEL, WHICH REALIZES THE replacement OF ARTIFICIAL STEEL WIRE rope detection with SCIENTIFIC instruments and ensures the SAFE operation and production. Of the lifting system.

Working principle of wire rope flaw detector

Wire ROPE FLAW detector system adopts THE latest wire rope NONdestructive testing technology at home and abroad, combined with modern computer, communication and network technology, become wire rope nondestructive testing instrument. The system uses GB/T21837-2008 "ferromagnetic wire rope electromagnetic Testing Method" stipulated permanent magnet and magnetic leakage instrument testing principle, in line with GB/T226832-2011 "Non-destructive testing instrument Technical conditions" requirements of wire rope electromagnetic detector "stipulated test results and experimental methods. The sensing hardware adopts the high magnetic energy Ndfeb permanent magnet for circular arrangement. When the steel wire rope passes axially, the steel wire rope can be magnetized axially instantly to reach saturation state; At the same time, the Hall element array is used to distribute in the magnetic element. When the wire rope is damaged locally (such as wire breaking, wire jumping, deformation and other discontinuous defects), the signal of metal cross-sectional area (continuous defects, wear, corrosion, etc.) propagating to space is collected, and the output signal is induced by the Hall element. After analog-to-digital conversion by high performance microprocessor, the compressed digital signal is input to computer. GNDT special wire rope flaw detector system software for real-time decompression processing. The qualitative, quantitative and positioning values are used to show the changes of wire breakage, corrosion, wear and metal cross-sectional area inside and outside the wire rope, and the evaluation report on the safety and service life of the wire rope is given to meet the current standards, as shown in Figure 1.

Case analysis

6*19S fc-30 steel wire rope is used in the inclined shaft lifting system of xiaoling tunnel. The detection length of the steel wire rope is 320 meters, and the steel wire rope runs at a relative speed of 1m/s, as shown in figure 2. Curve 1 is the detection signal (LF), which is mainly used to detect the local damage of wire rope. Curve 2 is the detection signal (LMA), which is mainly used to observe the change of the cross-sectional area of the wire rope.

The detection curve is flat and gentle. According to the waveform, there is no local damage to the wire rope, indicating that the wire rope is not broken.

When the detection curve reaches about 270 meters, the curve deviates from the center zero line a lot, and a red line appears, indicating that the cross-sectional area of the wire rope is lost here. It can be seen from Figure 5 of the test report that the metal cross-sectional area (LMA) reaches 0.75% -- 0.99%

Based on the test results, the entire wire rope was immediately checked manually in the inclined well operation area. It was found that the cross-sectional area of the wire rope decreased from 270 meters to 320 meters, and the cross-sectional area of the wire rope lost 0.99%. According to the application requirements [3], the ground roll of the lifting system should be adjusted immediately in the inclined shaft working area, and the steel wire rope should be maintained to prevent the steel wire rope from aggravating wear.

As an important part of lifting system, wire rope is very important to the safety of the whole lifting system. After THE INTRODUCTION OF THE WIRE ROPE FLAW DETECTOR, THE WIRE ROPE detection greatly IMPROVES the detection efficiency, scientifically and comprehensively grasp the damage of the wire rope, provides reliable scientific guidance for the safety production of inclined shaft, and effectively avoids the damage of the wire rope in the process of use. The resulting accident ensures the safety of inclined shaft production. Although this paper only introduces the application of wire rope wear testing machine in crane system of inclined shaft construction, it is practical for the safety detection of wire rope in crane system, such as crane, gantry crane, bridge machine and other commonly used lifting equipment. In the construction of the expressway. Lead the way. In practical application, only in the purchase of wire rope wear testing machine to select the corresponding equipment model, can be related to the safety test.